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Clinical decision support systems can best support medication safety by alerting prescribers to

  1. Allergies and drug interactions

  2. Drug interactions and patient weight changes

  3. Patient compliance and allergies

  4. The need for dose adjustments and patient weight changes

The correct answer is: The need for dose adjustments and patient weight changes

Clinical decision support systems play a crucial role in medication safety by providing prescribers with important information to minimize medication errors. The correct answer, "The need for dose adjustments and patient weight changes," is the best option as it highlights vital factors that can directly impact patient safety when prescribing medications. Alerts about the need for dose adjustments are essential because they can help prevent prescribing medications at incorrect doses, ensuring that patients receive the appropriate amount for their specific condition. Additionally, alerting prescribers to patient weight changes is crucial because dosages of certain medications may need to be adjusted based on changes in a patient's weight to avoid under- or overdosing. While the other options may be relevant to medication safety to some extent, they do not provide as comprehensive of a response as option D, which covers two very important aspects when it comes to medication safety.